Refiner type and process conditions

Authors & references

Authors:

Raimo Alén, University of Jyväskylä and Victoria Lindqvist, Forest Products Engineers have modified the text from the reference “Tienvieri, T., Vuorio, P., Loisa, M. and Artamo, A. 2009. Thermomechanical pulping. In: Lönnberg, B. (Ed.). Mechanical Pulping. 2^nd edition. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 174−246”.

References:

1. Tienvieri, T., Vuorio, P., Loisa, M. and Artamo, A. 2009. Thermomechanical pulping. In: Lönnberg, B. (Ed.). Mechanical Pulping. 2^nd edition. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 174−246.
2. Wultsch, F. and Flucher, W. 1958. The Escher Wyss small refiner as a standard test apparatus for modern stock preparation plants. Das Papier 12(13/14):334.
3. Miles, K. B. and May, W. D. 1989. The flow of pulp in chip refiners. CPPA 1989 Annual Meeting Notes, Technical Section CPPA, Montreal, Canada. P. 177.
4. Strand, B. 1997. Quality control of high consistency refiners. Proceedings of 1997 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, SPCI, Stockholm, Sweden. P. 127.
5. Jackson, M., Falck, B., Ferrari, B. and Danielsson, O. 1987. Design Features and Pulp Quality Aspects of Single and Double Disc Refiners. Sunds Defibrator Pamphlet, Sundsvall, Sweden.
6. Eriksson, A. and Sundholm, J. 1995. Internal KCL report, Espoo, Finland.
7. Sundholm, J., Heikkurinen, A. and Mannström, B. 1987. The role of rate of rotation and frequency in refiner mechanical pulping. Proceedings of 1987 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, CPPA, Toronto, Canada. P. 45.
8. Münster, H. and Dahlqvist, G. 1995. Operational experience with the first commercial high speed refiner at Perlen Papier AG, Switzerland. Proceedings of 1995 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, CPPA, Toronto, Canada. P. 197.
9. Alami, R., Boileau, I., Harris, G., Lachaume, J., Karnis, A., Miles, K. B. and Roche, A. 1995. Evaluation of the impact of refining intensity on energy reduction in commercial size refiners; the effect of primary stage consistency. Proceedings of 1995 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, CPPA, Toronto, Canada. P. 203.
10. Sundholm, J. 1982. Internal KCL report, Espoo, Finland.
11. Härkönen, E. and Tienvieri, T. 1995. The influence of production rate on refining in a specific energy. Proceedings of 1995 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, CPPA, Toronto, Canada. P. 95.
12. Strand, B. C., Mokvist, A., Falk, B. and Jackson, M. 1993. The effect of production rate on specific energy consumption in high consistency chip refining. Proceedings of 1993 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, PFI, Oslo, Norway. P. 143.
13. Sundholm, J. and Mannström, B. 1982. PRMP-TMP properties without preheating. A preliminary study. Paperi ja Puu 64(1):8.
14. Lunan, W. E., Miles, K. B., May, W. D., Harris, G. and Franzen, R. 1983. High pressure refining and brightening in thermomechanical pulping. Proceedings of TAPPI 1983 Pulping Conference. TAPPI Press, Atlanta, GA, USA. P. 239.
15. Jackson M. and Åkerlund, G. 1984. Preheating and refiner housing pressure affect the quality of TMP and CTMP. TAPPI 67(1):54.