Pulping and biorefining
- General approach and principles
- Extraction-based methods
- Separation of valuable extractives from trees
- Choosing the right solvent – hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
- Stemwood extractives-based products
- Operation modes and procedures in industrial extraction processes
- Exudate gums and latexes
- Hot-water extraction
- Wood extractives – general description
- Factors contributing to the loss of extractives
- Chemical changes in extractives during storage
- Bark extractives – terpenes and terpenoids
- Bark extractives – polyphenols and other minor compounds
- Use of deep eutectic solvents
- Chemical and biochemical conversion
- Thermochemical conversion
- Kraft pulping
- Wood material handling systems
- Pulping process-general approach
- Pulping technologies
- Drying of chemical pulps
- Chemical (market) pulps drying plant applications
- Recovery of cooking chemicals and by-products
- Integrated biorefinery concepts
- Oxygen-alkali delignification
- Delignifying or lignin-removing bleaching
- Other delignification methods
- Chemimechanical pulping
- Mechanical pulping
- Pulp characterisation and properties
General process description-TMP General approach Originally, the thermomechanical pulping (TMP) process incorporated pressurised preheating of chips, followed by either pressurised or open-discharge refining. The preheating at elevated temperature, which softens the wood, was believed to be the key to the exceptional strength properties of the pulp produced. However, at the end of the 1970s, research
Authors & references
Authors:
Raimo Alén, University of Jyväskylä and Victoria Lindqvist, Forest Products Engineers have modified the text from the reference “Tienvieri, T., Vuorio, P., Loisa, M. and Artamo, A. 2009. Thermomechanical pulping. In: Lönnberg, B. (Ed.). Mechanical Pulping. 2nd edition. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 174−246”.
References:
- Sundholm, J. and Mannström, B. 1982. PRMP-TMP properties without preheating. A preliminary study. Paperi ja Puu 64(1):8.
- Tienvieri, T., Vuorio, P., Loisa, M. and Artamo, A. 2009. Thermomechanical pulping. In: Lönnberg, B. (Ed.). Mechanical Pulping. 2nd edition. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 174−246.
- Tienvieri, T. 2009. Flowsheets for various mechanical pulping and screening processes. In: Lönnberg, B. (Ed.). Mechanical Pulping. 2nd edition. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 419−429.
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Exercises
This page has been updated 24.05.2021