Dithionite

Authors & references

Author:

Raimo Alén, University of Jyväskylä

References:

1. Barton, R., Tredway, C., Ellis, M. and Sullivan, E. 1987. Hydrosulfite bleaching. In: Kocurek, M. J. (Ed.). Mechanical Pulping 3^rd edition. TAPPI Press, Atlanta, GA, USA. Pp. 227−237.
2. Ellis, M. E. 1996. Hydrosulfite (dithionite) bleaching. In: Dence, C. W. and Reeve, D. W. (Eds.). Pulp Bleaching – Principles and Practice. TAPPI Press, Atlanta, GA, USA. Pp. 491−512.
3. Kappel, J. 1999. Mechanical Pulps: from Wood to Bleached Pulp. TAPPI Press, Atlanta, GA, USA. Pp. 263−326.
4. Dence, C. W. 1996. Chemistry of mechanical pulp bleaching. In: Dence, C. W. and Reeve, D. W. (Eds.). Pulp Bleaching – Principles and Practice. TAPPI Press, Atlanta, GA, USA. Pp. 161−181.
5. Makarov, S. V. and Silaghi-Dumitrescu, R. 2013. Sodium dithionite and its relatives: past and present. Journal of Sulfur Chemistry 34(4):444−449.
6. Makarov, S. V., Horváth, A. K., Silaghi-Dumitrescu, R. and Gao, Q. 2017. Sodium Dithionite, Rongalite and Thiourea Oxides − Chemistry and Application. World Scientific, Singapore. 219 p.
7. Isoaho, J. P. 2019. Dithionite Bleaching of Thermomechanical Pulp – Chemistry and Optimal Conditions. Doctoral Thesis. University of Jyväskylä, Finland. 73 p.
8. Nayar, R. 1972. Manufacture of Sodium Dithionite from Sodium-Mercury Amalgam and Aqueous Solution of Sulfur Dioxide. Doctoral Thesis. The University of British Columbia, BC, Canada.
9. Jäkärä, J., Persson, M. and Mårtens, H. 2009. Bleaching of mechanical pulps. In: Lönnberg, B. (Ed.). Mechanical Pulping. 2^nd edition. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 360−398.
10. Dietz, T., Schmidt, K. and Süss, H. U. 2008. Aspects of optimization of mechanical pulp bleaching – a comparison of alternative alkali sources for hydrogen peroxide bleaching. Das Papier 12:39−43.
11. Wayman, M. and Lem, W. J. 1970. Decomposition of aqueous dithionite. Part II. A reaction mechanism for the decomposition of aqueous sodium dithionite. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 48:782–787.
12. Cermăk, V. and M. Smutek .1975. Mechanism of decomposition of dithionite in aqueous solutions. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 40:3241–3264.
13. Pemberton, R. S., Depew, M. C., Heitner, C. and Wan, J. K. S. 1995. Some mechanistic insights into a model bleaching process of quinones by bisulfite and dithionite: an ESR-CIDEP Study. Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology 15:165–183.
14. Polčin, J. and Rapson, W. H. 1969. Spectrophotometric study of wood chromophores in situ. I. The method of differential (K/S)_λ curves related to bleaching and color reversion. TAPPI 52(10):1960–1965.
15. Auhorn, W. and Melzer, J. 1982. Die ökonomische Anpassung der Holzstoffbleiche an die fortschrittliche Papiertechnologie. Wochenblatt für Papierfabrikation 8:255–262.
16. Lindholm, C.-A. 1999. Bleaching. In: Sundholm, J. (Ed.). Mechanical Pulping. Fapet Oy, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 313−343.
17. Sullivan, E. A. 1982. Hydrosulphite bleaching under adverse conditions: hydrogen sulphide formation and its chemical prevention. Pulp & Paper Canada 83(9):64−67.