Liquefaction

Authors & references

Author:

Raimo Alén, University of Jyväskylä

References:

1. Höök, M. and Kjell, A. 2010. A review on coal to liquid fuels and its coal consumption. Journal of Energy Research 34(10):848−864.
2. Kaneko, T., Derbyshire, F., Makino, E., Gray, D., Tamura, M. and Li, K. 2012. Ullmannʼs Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany. (https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a07_197.pub2).
3. Chornet, E. and Overend R. P. 1985. Biomass liquefaction: an overview. In: Overend, R. P., Milne, T. A. and Mudge, L. K. (Eds.). Fundamentals of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion. Springer, Dordrecht, Germany. Pp. 967−1002.
4. Alma, M. H., Salan, T., Altuntas, E. and Karaoğul, E. 2013. Liquefaction processes of biomass for the production of valuable chemicals and biofuels: a review. Proceedings of Conference on Joint International Convention Forest Products Society and Society of Wood Science and Technology.
5. Peng, X., Ma, X., Lin, Y., Wang, X., Zhang, X. and Yang, C. 2016. Effect of process parameters on solvolysis liquefaction of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in ethanol − water system and energy evaluation. Energy and Conversion Management 117:43−53.
6. Fan, S.-P., Zakaria, S., Chia, C.-H., Jamaluddin, F., Nabihah, S., Liew, T.-K. and Pua, F.-L. 2011. Comparative studies of products obtained from solvolysis liquefaction of oil palm empty fruit bunch fibres using different solvents. Bioresource Technology 102(3):3521−3526.
7. Chen, S., Dʼcruz, I., Wang, M., Leitch, M. and Xu, C. 2010. Highly efficient liquefaction of woody biomass in hot-compressed alcohol − water co-solvents. Energy Fuels 24(9):4659−4667.
8. Elliot, D. C., Biller, P., Ross, A. B., Schmidt, A. J. and Jones, S. B. 2015. Hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass: developments from batch to continuous process. Bioresource Technology 178:147−156.
9. Alén R. 2000. Basic chemistry of wood delignification. In: Stenius, P. (Ed.). Forest Products Chemistry. Fapet, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 58−104.
10. Alén, R., McKeough, P., Oasmaa, A. and Johansson, A. 1989. Thermochemical conversion of black liquor in the liquid phase. Journal of Wood Technology 9:265−276.
11. McKeough, P., Alén, R., Oasmaa, A. and Johansson, A. 1990. Thermochemical conversion of black liquor organics into an oil product. I. Formation of the major product fractions. Holzforschung 44(6):445−448.
12. Alén, R. 1992. Thermochemical conversion of black liquor organics into oil and chemical feedstocks. In: Kennedy, J. F., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A. (Eds.). Lignocellulosics – Science, Technology, Development and Use. Ellis Horwood, Chichester, West Sussex, England. Pp. 803−808.
13. Alén, R. and Oasmaa, A. 1989. Thermochemical conversion of hydroxy carboxylic acids in the liquid phase. Holzforschung 43(3):155−158.
14. Oasmaa, A., Alén, R. and Meier, D. 1993. Catalytic hydrotreatment of some technical lignins. Bioresource Technology 45(3):189−194.
15. Alén, R. and Oasmaa, A. 1988. Conversion of glucoisosaccharinic acid by heating under pressure. Acta Chemica Scandinavica B42(8):563−566.