Pulping and biorefining
- General approach and principles
- Extraction-based methods
- Separation of valuable extractives from trees
- Choosing the right solvent – hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
- Stemwood extractives-based products
- Operation modes and procedures in industrial extraction processes
- Exudate gums and latexes
- Hot-water extraction
- Wood extractives – general description
- Factors contributing to the loss of extractives
- Chemical changes in extractives during storage
- Bark extractives – terpenes and terpenoids
- Bark extractives – polyphenols and other minor compounds
- Use of deep eutectic solvents
- Chemical and biochemical conversion
- Thermochemical conversion
- Kraft pulping
- Wood material handling systems
- Pulping process-general approach
- Pulping technologies
- Drying of chemical pulps
- Chemical (market) pulps drying plant applications
- Recovery of cooking chemicals and by-products
- Integrated biorefinery concepts
- Oxygen-alkali delignification
- Delignifying or lignin-removing bleaching
- Other delignification methods
- Chemimechanical pulping
- Mechanical pulping
- Pulp characterisation and properties
Separation of valuable extractives from trees The process of extracting valuable compounds from wood comprises many phases, beginning with the material pretreatment for extraction, and ending up with the treatment of extract after recovery. The basic principles of solid-liquid extraction (SLE) are shown with a few insights about the modes of industrial extractions and the
Authors & references
Authors:
Hanna Brännström and Eelis Halmemies, Luke (Natural Resources Institute Finland)
References:
- Zhang, Q., Lin, L. and Ye, W. 2018. Techniques for extraction and isolation of natural products: A comprehensive review. Chinese Medicine 13(1):20.
- Pfennig, A., Delinski, D., Johannisbauer, W. and Josten, H. 2011. Extraction technology. In: Bart, H. and Pilz, S. (Eds.). Industrial Scale Natural Products Extraction. Wiley‐VCH Verlag, Weinheim, Germany. Pp.181–220.
- Bart, H. 2011. Extraction of natural products from plants – an introduction. In: Bart, H. and Pilz, S. (Eds.). Industrial Scale Natural Products Extraction. Wiley‐VCH Verlag, Weinheim, Germany. Pp.1–25.
- Willför, S., Smeds, A. and Holmbom, B. 2006. Chromatographic analysis of lignans. Journal of Chromatography A 1112(1):64–77.
- Feng, S., Cheng, S., Yuan, Z., Leitch, M. and Xu, C. 2013. Valorization of bark for chemicals and materials: a review. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 26:560–578.
- Seidel V. 2012. Initial and bulk extraction of natural products isolation. In: Sarker, S. and Nahar, L. (Eds.). Natural Products Isolation. Methods in Molecular Biology (Methods and Protocols). Vol 864. Humana Press. Totowa, NJ, USA. Pp. 27–41.
- Li, Y., Radoiu, M., Fabiano-Tixier, A. and Chemat, F. 2012. From laboratory to industry: Scale-up, quality, and safety consideration for microwave-assisted extraction. In: Chemat, F. and Cravotto, G. (Eds.). Microwave-assisted extraction for bioactive compounds. Springer, Boston, MA, USA. Pp. 207–229.
- Turner, C. 2006. Overview of modern extraction techniques for food and agricultural samples. In: Modern Extraction Techniques. ACS Symposium Series. Washington, DC, USA, 926:3–19.
- Selvamuthukumaran, M. and Shi, J. 2017. Recent advances in extraction of antioxidants from plant by-products processing industries. Food Quality and Safety 1(1):61–81.
- Gandhi, K., Arora, S. and Kumar, A. 2017. Industrial applications of supercritical fluid extraction: A review. International Journal of Chemical Studies 5:336–340.
- Rombaut, N., Tixier, A., Bily, A. and Chemat, F. 2014. Green extraction processes of natural products as tools for biorefinery. Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining 8(4):530–544.
- Berk, Z. 2018. Food Process Engineering and Technology. Academic press, London, UK.
- Esclapez, M., García-Pérez, J. V., Mulet, A. and Cárcel, J. 2011. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of natural products. Food Engineering Reviews 3(2):108–120.
- Destandau, E., Michel, T. and Elfakir, C. 2013. Microwave-assisted extraction. In: Rostagno, M. A. and Prado, J. M. (Eds.). Natural Product Extraction: Principles and Applications. Royal Society of Chemistry Cambridge, UK. Pp. 113–156.
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Exercises
This page has been updated 03.03.2022