Evaporation Principles Evaporation is the separation of water from a solution containing non-volatile solutes. Supplying heat to the solution causes vaporisation. An evaporation plant usually consists of several heat transfer units connected in series, with steam or vapour as the heating medium and black liquor as the heated medium. More detailed descriptions of types of
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Evaporation
Content
Pulping and biorefining
- General approach and principles
- Extraction-based methods
- Separation of valuable extractives from trees
- Choosing the right solvent – hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
- Stemwood extractives-based products
- Operation modes and procedures in industrial extraction processes
- Exudate gums and latexes
- Hot-water extraction
- Wood extractives – general description
- Factors contributing to the loss of extractives
- Chemical changes in extractives during storage
- Bark extractives – terpenes and terpenoids
- Bark extractives – polyphenols and other minor compounds
- Use of deep eutectic solvents
- Chemical and biochemical conversion
- Thermochemical conversion
- Kraft pulping
- Wood material handling systems
- Pulping process-general approach
- Pulping technologies
- Drying of chemical pulps
- Chemical (market) pulps drying plant applications
- Recovery of cooking chemicals and by-products
- Integrated biorefinery concepts
- Oxygen-alkali delignification
- Delignifying or lignin-removing bleaching
- Other delignification methods
- Chemimechanical pulping
- Mechanical pulping
- Pulp characterisation and properties
Authors & references
Author:
Raimo Alén, University of Jyväskylä has condensed and modified the text from the reference “Parviainen, K., Jaakkola, H. and Nurminen, K. 2008. Evaporation of black liquor. In: Tikka, P. (Ed.). Chemical Pulping Part 2, Recovery of Chemicals and Energy. 2nd edition. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 36–84”.
References:
- Parviainen, K., Jaakkola, H. and Nurminen, K. 2008. Evaporation of black liquor. In: Tikka, P. (Ed.). Chemical Pulping Part 2, Recovery of Chemicals and Energy. 2nd edition. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 36–84.
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This page has been updated 12.05.2021
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