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- Introduction to forest-based bioeconomy
- Wood products
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- Pulping and biorefining
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- Profile
Evaporation
Pulping and biorefining
- General approach and principles
- Extraction-based methods
- Separation of valuable extractives from trees
- Choosing the right solvent – hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
- Stemwood extractives-based products
- Operation modes and procedures in industrial extraction processes
- Exudate gums and latexes
- Hot-water extraction
- Wood extractives – general description
- Factors contributing to the loss of extractives
- Chemical changes in extractives during storage
- Bark extractives – terpenes and terpenoids
- Bark extractives – polyphenols and other minor compounds
- Use of deep eutectic solvents
- Chemical and biochemical conversion
- Thermochemical conversion
- Kraft pulping
- Wood material handling systems
- Pulping process-general approach
- Pulping technologies
- Drying of chemical pulps
- Chemical (market) pulps drying plant applications
- Recovery of cooking chemicals and by-products
- Integrated biorefinery concepts
- Oxygen-alkali delignification
- Delignifying or lignin-removing bleaching
- Other delignification methods
- Chemimechanical pulping
- Mechanical pulping
- Pulp characterisation and properties
Authors & references
Author:
Raimo Alén, University of Jyväskylä has condensed and modified the text from the reference “Parviainen, K., Jaakkola, H. and Nurminen, K. 2008. Evaporation of black liquor. In: Tikka, P. (Ed.). Chemical Pulping Part 2, Recovery of Chemicals and Energy. 2nd edition. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 36–84”.
References:
- Parviainen, K., Jaakkola, H. and Nurminen, K. 2008. Evaporation of black liquor. In: Tikka, P. (Ed.). Chemical Pulping Part 2, Recovery of Chemicals and Energy. 2nd edition. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 36–84.
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This page has been updated 12.05.2021