Welcome- Themes
- Introduction to forest-based bioeconomy
- Wood products
- Natural fibre products
- Man-made bio-based fibre products
- Bio-based nanomaterials
- Recycled fibre
- Pulping and biorefining
- Energy and biofuels
- Biomass chemistry and physiology
- Material testing and product properties
- Forests and other biomass resources
- Supply chain
- Process control and automation
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Turpentine-based products
Pulping and biorefining
- General approach and principles
- Extraction-based methods
- Separation of valuable extractives from trees
- Choosing the right solvent – hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
- Stemwood extractives-based products
- Operation modes and procedures in industrial extraction processes
- Exudate gums and latexes
- Hot-water extraction
- Wood extractives – general description
- Factors contributing to the loss of extractives
- Chemical changes in extractives during storage
- Bark extractives – terpenes and terpenoids
- Bark extractives – polyphenols and other minor compounds
- Use of deep eutectic solvents
- Chemical and biochemical conversion
- Thermochemical conversion
- Kraft pulping
- Wood material handling systems
- Pulping process-general approach
- Pulping technologies
- Drying of chemical pulps
- Chemical (market) pulps drying plant applications
- Recovery of cooking chemicals and by-products
- Integrated biorefinery concepts
- Oxygen-alkali delignification
- Delignifying or lignin-removing bleaching
- Other delignification methods
- Chemimechanical pulping
- Mechanical pulping
- Pulp characterisation and properties
Authors & references
Authors:
Hanna Brännström and Eelis Halmemies, Luke (Natural Resources Institute Finland)
References:
- Alén, R. 2000. Basic chemistry of wood delignification. In: Stenius, P. (Ed.). Forest Products Chemistry. Fapet Oy, Helsinki, Finland. P. 59.
- Alén, R. 2015. Pulp mills and wood-based biorefineries. In: Pandey, A., Höfer, R., Taherzadeh, M., Nampoothiri, K. M. and Larroche, C. (Eds.). Industrial Biorefineries & White Biotechnology. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Pp. 91–126.
- Baumassy, M. 2014. The tall oil industry: 100 years of innovation. 2014 PCA International Conference, September 21–23, Seattle, USA.
- Holmbom, B. 2011. Extraction and utilization of non-structural wood and bark components. In: Alén, R. (Ed.). Biorefining of Forest Resources. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 178–224.
- Höfer, R. 2015. In: Pandey, A., Höfer, R., Taherzadeh, M., Nampoothiri, K. M. and Larroche, C. (Eds.). Industrial Biorefineries & White Biotechnology. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Pp. 127–155.
- da Silva Rodrigues-Corrêa, K. C., de Lima, J. C. and Fett-Neto, A. G. 2013. Oleoresins from pine: production and industrial uses. In: Ramawat, K. P. and Mérillon, J.-M. (Eds.). Natural Products: Phytochemistry, Botany and Metabolism of Alkaloids, Phenolics and Terpenes. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany. Pp. 4037–4060.
- Anon. 2016. Pine Chemical Association. Global impact of the modern pine chemical industry. Retrieved from https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.pinechemicals.org/resource/resmgr/Studies/PCA-Global_Impact_of_the_Mo.pdf.
- Silvestre, A. J. and Gandini, A. 2008. Terpenes: major sources, properties and applications. In: Belgacem, M. N. and Gandini, A. (Eds.). Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Resources. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Pp. 17–38.
- Phun, L., Snead, D., Hurd, P. and Jing, F. 2017. Industrial applications of pine-chemical-based materials. In: Tang, C. and Ryu, C. Y. (Eds.). Sustainable Polymers from Biomass. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany. Pp. 151–180.
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This page has been updated 19.05.2021