Chemical and biochemical conversion

Authors & references

Author:

Raimo Alén, University of Jyväskylä

References:

1. Herrick, F. W. and Hergert, H. L. 1977. Utilization of chemicals from wood: retrospect and prospect. In: Loewus, F. A. and Runecles, V. C. (Eds.). The Structure, Biosynthesis, and Degradation of Wood, Recent Advances in Phytochemistry, Volume 11. Plenium Press, New York, NY, USA. Pp. 443−515.
2. Goldstein, I. S. (Ed.). 1981. Organic Chemicals from Biomass. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA. 310 p.
3. Sinsky, A, J. 1983. Organic chemicals from biomass: an overview. In: Wise, D. L. (Ed.). Organic Chemicals from Biomass. The Benjamin/Cummins Publishing Company, London, England. Pp. 1−67.
4. Kamm, B., Kamm, M., Gruber, P. R. and Kromus, S. 2006. Biorefinery systems − an overview. In: Kamm, B., Gruber, P. R. and Kamm, M. (Eds.). Biorefineries − Industrial Processes and Products, Volume 1. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany. Pp. 3−40.
5. Clements, L. D. and Van Dyne, D. L. 2006. The lignocellulosic biorefinery − a strategy for returning to a sustainable source of fuels and industrial organic chemicals. In: Kamm, B., Gruber, P. R. and Kamm, M. (Eds.). Biorefineries − Industrial Processes and Products, Volume 1. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany. Pp. 115−128.
6. Alén, R. 2011. Principles of biorefining. In: Alén, R. (Ed.). Biorefining of Forest Resources. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 55−114.
7. Alén, R. 2000. Structure and chemical composition of wood. In: Stenius, P. (Ed.). Forest Products Chemistry. Fapet, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 11−57.
8. Alén, R. 2018. Carbohydrate Chemistry – Fundamentals and Applications. World Scientific, Singapore. Pp. 280−341.
9. Fan, L. T., Gharpuray, M. M. and Lee, Y.-H. 1987. Cellulose Hydrolysis. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany. 198 p.
10. Goldstein, I. S. 1981. Chemicals from cellulose. In: Goldstein, I. S. (Ed.). Organic Chemicals from Biomass. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA. Pp. 101–124.
11. Thompson, N. S. 1981. Chemicals from hemicellulose. In: Goldstein, I. S. (Ed.). Organic Chemicals from Biomass. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA. Pp. 125–141.
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14. Alén, R. 2018. Carbohydrate Chemistry – Fundamentals and Applications. World Scientific, Singapore. Pp. 455−462.
15. Kootstra, A. M. J., Beeftink, H. H., Scott, E. L. and Sanders, J. P. M. 2009. Comparison of dilute mineral and organic acid pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw. Biochemical Engineering Journal 46:126-131.
16. Lee, J. W. and Jeffries, T. W. 2011. Efficiencies of acid catalysts in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass over a range of combined severity factors. Bioresource Technology 102(10):5884-5890.
17. Goldmann, W. M., Ahola, J., Mikola, M. and Tanskanen, J. 2017. Formic acid aided hot water extraction of hemicellulose from European silver birch (Betula pendula) sawdust. Bioresource Technology 232:176-182.
18. Zhang, M., Qi, W., Liu, R., Su, R., Wu, S. and He, Z. 2010. Fractionating lignocellulose by formic acid: characterization of major components. Biomass and Bioenergy 34(4):525-532.
19. Wayman, M. 1986. Comparative effectiveness of various acids for hydrolysis of cellulosics. In: Young, R. A. and Rowell, R. M. (Eds.). Cellulose – Structure, Modification and Hydrolysis. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA. Pp. 265–279.
20. Garrote, G., Domínguez, H. and Parajó, J. C. 2001. Generation of xylose solutions from Eucalyptus globules wood by autohydrolysis-posthydrolysis processes: posthydrolysis kinetics. Bioresource Technology 79:155–164.
21. Converse, A. O., Kwarteng, I. K., Grethlein, H. E. and Ooshima, H. 1989. Kinetics of thermochemical pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 20/21:63–78.
22. Alén R. 2000. Basic chemistry of wood delignification. In: Stenius, P. (Ed.). Forest Products Chemistry. Fapet, Helsinki, Finland. Pp. 58−104.