Management of biotic risks

Authors & references

Authors:

Seppo Kellomäki, Pekka Niemelä, Heli Peltola, Veikko Koski and Pertti Pulkkinen

References:

1. Berryman, A. A. 1986. Forest Insects. Principles and Practice of Population Management. New York and London. Plenum Press, 279 p.
2. Björkman, C. and Niemelä, P. (eds.). 2015. Climate change and insect pests. CABI Climate Change Series 7.
3. Kouki, J. Niemelä, P., and Viitasaari, M. 1994. Reversed latitudinal gradient in species richness of sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Annales Zoologici Fennici 31: 83–88.
4. Wainhouse, D. 2005. Ecological methods in Forest pest management. Oxford. Oxford University Press. 228 p.
5. Strong, D. R., Lawton, J. H., and Southwood, T. R. E. 1984. Insects on Plants, Community Patterns and Mechanisms, Oxford. Blackwell Scientific.