Forests and other biomass resources
- Introduction to biomass resources
- Trees, forest and forest ecosystems
- Global forest resources
- Structure and properties of wood and woody biomass
- Forest inventory and planning
- Management of forest ecosystems
- Forest production in ecological context
- Regeneration through natural seeding
- Regeneration through planting
- Genetic improvement of trees for forest plantations
- Management of growing and developing forest over time
- Spacing and thinning affecting availability of resources
- Thinning regimes and rules
- Management of sequestrate carbon and adaptation to climate change
- Management for improving timber quality
- Management of nutrient resources and site fertility
- Management of abiotic risks
- Management of biotic risks
- Characteristics of pest outbreaks
- Resistance mechanism of trees against herbivores and pathogens
- Induced defence
- Models explaining variation in chemical defence between plants
- Biological control in pest management
- Effects of forest management and structure on forest pests
- Climate change and forest damaged related to pests and herbivory
- Management of forests for sequetration carbon in carbon mitigating warming
- Carbon stocks in trees and soil
- Carbon balance in managed forests
- Carbon retentation in forest ecosystems and forest-based prodcution
- *Mitigating radiative forcing in forestry and forest-based production
- *Mitigating radiative forcing in management
- * Radiative forcing related to carbon in ecosystem
- * Impacts of replacing fossil fuels and fossil materials on radiative forcing
- Management for adaptation to climate change
- Timber procurement
- Timber assortments
- Harvest and timber transport
- Harvesting woody biomass for energy
- Opening forest areas for logging by consturcting roads
- Storing timber
- Organising and planning harvesting operations
- Harvesting in industrial plantations
- Damage to timber
- Environmental impacts of timber harvesting
- Timber trade
- Timber measurement
- Wood markets and cost of wood
- Global forest related policies and governance
Management for improving timber quality Effect of spacing and thinning on knots in wood Various indicators, such as stem branching, quantity of knots in wood, basic density etc., can depict timber quality. Timber quality relates, therefore, to tree growth and growth allocation among the different parts of the tree. Although the genetic properties of the
Authors & references
Authors:
Seppo Kellomäki, Pekka Niemelä, Heli Peltola, Veikko Koski and Pertti Pulkkinen
References:
- Turkia, K., and Kellomäki, S. 1987. Kasvupaikan viljavuuden ja puuston tiheyden vaikutus nuorten mäntyjen oksien läpimittaan. Abstract: Influence of the site fertility and stand density on diameter of branches in young Scots pines. Folia Forestalia 705: 1–16.
- Oker-Blom, P. Kellomäki, S., Valtonen, E., and Väisänen, H. 1988. The structural development of Scots pine stand with varying initial density: a simulation model. Scandinavian Journal of forest Research 3: 185–200.
- Väisänen, H. Kellomäki, S., Oker-Blom, and P.Valtonen, E. 1988. The structural development of Scots pine stand with varying initial density: a preliminary model for quality of swan timber as affected by silvicultural measures. Scandinavian Journal of forest Research 4: 223–238.
- Tuimala A. Finnish Forest Research Institute. Unpublished material.
- Kilpeläinen, A., Peltola, H., Ryyppö, A., Sauvala, K., Laitinen, K., and Kellomäki, S. 2003. Wood properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) grown at elevated temperature and carbon dioxide concentration. Tree Physiology 23: 889–897.
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This page has been updated 16.07.2022