Black liquor measurements

Authors & references

Authors:

Professor Emeritus Kauko Leiviskä, University of Oulu

References:

1. Clay, D. T. (2010). Evaporator principles and black liquor properties. 2010 TAPPI Kraft recovery course. 3.1. Florida, USA, TAPPI.
2. K-patents. Pulp and paper. Application note 3.01.03. Kraft (sulfate) pulp: Evaporation. [Online] Available from: https://www.kpatents.com/assets/files/applications/3.01.03_kraft_sulfate_pulp_evaporation.pdf [Accessed 24^th September 2019].
3. Electron Machine Corporation. MDS Monitor Divert System. [Online] Available from: https://www.electronmachine.com/article_48_MDS-Monitor-Divert-System.cfm [Accessed 24^th September 2019].
4. Liquid Solids Control Inc. Model 326 Refractometer. [Online] Available from: https://www.liquidsolidscontrol.com/process-refractometer-systems [Accessed 24^th September 2019].
5. Nikolskaya, E., Janhunen, P., Haapalainen, M. and Hiltunen, Y. 2019. Solids Content of Black Liquor Measured by Online Time-Domain NMR. Applied Sciences 9:2169.
6. Alabi, S.B. and Williamson, C.J. 2015. Neural Network-Based Model for Joint Prediction of the Newtonian and nonNewtonian Viscosities of Black Liquor. International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications 6(3):195-200.
7. McCabe, E., Mott, D., Savoy, D and Tran. H. 2007. Controlling black liquor “viscosity” to improve recovery boiler performance. Pulp & Paper Canada 108(12):49-52.
8. Alabi, S.B., Williamson, C.J. and Lee, J. 2010. Viscosity models for New Zealand black liquor at low solids concentrations. Asia‐Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 5(4):619-625.
9. Alabi, S.B. and Williamson, C.J. 2011. Centrifugal pump-based predictive models for Kraft Black Liquor viscosity: An artificial neural network approach. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 50(17):10320-10328.
10. Alabi, S.B. and Williamson, C.J. 2015. Neural Network-Based Model for Joint Prediction of the Newtonian and NonNewtonian Viscosities of Black Liquor. International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications 6(3)195.
11. ABLE Instruments. Continuous Level Measurement of Black Liquor & Soap. [Online] Available from: https://able.co.uk/media/2014/01/continuous-level-measurement-of-black-liquor-and-soap.pdf [Accessed 24^th September 2019].
12. Migliore, M. 2015. How guided wave radar level measurement works. Flow control. Solutions for fluid movement, measurement & containment. [Online] Available from: https://www.flowcontrolnetwork.com/how-guided-wave-radar-level-measurement-works/ [Accessed 24^th September 2019].
13. Emerson. Successful Measurement of Black Liquor and Soap Levels. [Online] Available from: https://www.emerson.com/documents/automation/case-study-successful-measurement-of-black-liquor-soap-levels-rosemount-en-73738.pdf [Accessed 24^th September 2019].
14. RTS Installations. SMS2000 – Soap and Liquor Interface System. [Online] Available from: https://www.sms2000.ca/interface-level [Accessed 24^th September 2019].
15. Paper Industry World. Measurement tools. [Online] Available from: https://www.paperindustryworld.com/measurement-tools/ [Accessed 24^th September 2019].