Process control and automation
- Introduction to process control and automation
- Development of process automation
- Fibre process automation
- Chemical recovery as a control object
- Advances in paper machine automation
- Paper machine as a dynamical system
- Tasks in paper machine control and management
- Control of stock flow concentration and quality
- Machine direction control
- Cross-directional control – The static optimisation
- Cross-directional control – Dynamics
- Cross-directional control – further aspects
- Controlling functional paper properties
- Managing grade chances in the paper machine
- Managing disturbances caused by broke and recovered solids
- Millwide systems
- Modelling and control methods
2D variations in web: characterisation and measurement As paper is a web product, its quality varies in two dimensions, and thus the quality variations need to be characterised correspondingly. Paper quality is measured for quality management purposes either on-line or off-line. Almost all the on-line quality measurements are made by scanning the sensors over the
Authors & references
Edited by:
Risto Ritala, Tampere University
Based on: Ritala, R., Managing paper machine operation (Chapter 8). In: Leiviskä, K. (ed), Process and Maintenance Management, (Book 14), Papermaking Science and Technology. 2nd edition. Jyväskylä, 2009, Paper Engineer’s Association/Paperi ja Puu Oy. pp. 189–234.
References:
- Seber, G.A.F. 1984. Multivariate observations. Ch. 9 Multivariate analysis of variance and covariance, Wiley. pp. 433–495.
- Ryti, N. and Kyttälä, O. 1971. Variance component analysis, a method to assess the stability of papermaking process. Paperi ja Puu 53(6).
- Higham, J.D. 1985. The changing face of paper machine controls — cross direction and beyond, In: TAPPI Process Control Symposium Notes, pp. 123–126.
- Wang, X. G., Dumont, G. A. and Davies, M. S. 1993. Estimation in paper machine control. IEEE Control Systems Magazine 13(4):34–43.
- Dumont, G., Ball, J., Emmond, G. and Guilemette, M. 2004. Improved CD control using wavelet-based MD/CD separation. In: Proceedings of the Control Systems 2004. Quebec City, Canada, June 14–17. pp. 57–62.
- Duncan, S. and Wellstead, P. 2004. Processing data from scanning gauges on industrial web processes. Automatica 40(3):431–437.
- Gendron, S. 2005. Fundamental properties of scanner signals for the separation of paper machine CD and MD variations. In: Proceedings 91st Annual Meeting, Pulp and Paper Technical Association of Canada. 2005, Montreal, Canada, February 7–11. pp. A289–A293.
- Ylisaari, J., Konkarikoski, K. and Ritala, R. 2008. Scanner path as a manipulatble variable for optimal control and diagnostics of CD variations. In: Proceedings 2008 Control Systems Pan-Pacific Conference. Vancouver, Canada, June 16–18. pp. 81–85.
- Nuyan, S. and Sorsa, J. 2008. Intelligent scanning, TAPPI Paper 360o. December 2008. pp. 12–13
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This page has been updated 06.07.2022