Man-made bio-based fibre products
- Introduction to man-made bio-based fibre products
- Man-made bio-based fibre products and their end-uses
- Textile fibres, processing and end-uses
- Key aspects of the down-stream conversion processes
- Production of bio-based fibres
- Dissolving pulp as a raw material
- Cellulose esters of organic acids
- Production of viscose fibres
- General description of carbamate processes
- Production of lyocell fibres
- Production of Cupro fibres
- Carbon fibres from regenerated cellulose
- Production of Alginate fibres
- Viscose and lyocell machinery developments
- Processing of silkworm and spider silk protein fibres
- Polylactide fibres
- Polyhydroxyalcohols PHA and poly(caprolactone)
- Scientific principles of polymer fibre forming
- Alternative and emerging processes for bio-based synthetic fibers
- Ionic liquid as direct solvents: Ioncell-F method
- Enzymatic activation of cellulose – Biocelsol method
- Cellulose carbamate process
- Direct spinning of cellulose composite fibre yarn
- Cellulose-lignin blend as carbon fibre raw material
- Bio-based polyolefines — emerging processes
- Bio-based polyesters — emerging processes
- Polyamides from ligno-cellulosics as raw materials
- Industrial development with silkworm and spider silk
Cellulose ethers Cellulose ethers comprise a class of cellulose derivatives, which contains many commercially important members.1-7 The most prominent ethers are water-soluble; they are widely used in many water-based formulations as thickeners for adjusting the rheology of solutions (i.e., control of thickening, viscosity and flow behaviour) mainly in food applications, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, drilling muds, building
Authors & references
Author:
Raimo Alén, University of Jyväskylä
References:
- Fengel, D. and Wegener, G. 1989. Wood – Chemistry, Ultrastructure, Reactions. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, Germany. pp. 482−525.
- Sau, A. C. and Majewicz, T. G. 1992. Cellulose ethers, self-cross-linking mixed ether silyl derivatives. ACS Symposium Series 476:265−272.
- Sjöström, E. 1993. Wood Chemistry – Fundamentals and Applications. 2nd edition, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA. pp. 204−224.
- Majewicz, T. G. and Podlas, T. J. 1993. Cellulos ethers. In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Volume 5. 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA. pp. 541−563.
- Klemm, D., Philipp, B., Heinze, T., Heinze, U. and Wagenknecht, W. (Eds.) 1998. Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry Volume 2, Functionalization of Cellulose. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany. 389 p.
- Alén, R. 2011. Cellulose derivatives. In: Alén, R. Biorefining of Forest Resources. Paper Engineers’ Association, Helsinki, Finland. pp. 305−354.
- Alén, R. 2018. Carbohydrate Chemistry – Fundamentals and Applications. World Scientific, Singapore. pp. 280−324.
- Gedon, S. and Fengl, R. 1993. Cellulose esters, organic esters. In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Volume 5. 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA. pp. 497−529.
- Stigsson, V. 2006. Some Aspects on the Carboxymethyl Cellulose Process. Doctoral Thesis. Karlstad University, Faculty of Technology and Science, Karlstad, Sweden. 61 p.
Videos
Exercises
This page has been updated 04.12.2021