Anaerobic methods Biochemistry of anaerobic fermentation In anaerobic processes, organic matter is broken down by microbial activity in several steps in the absence of oxygen or anoxic inorganic electron acceptors like nitrate, nitrite, chlorate or sulphate. These electron acceptors have to be reduced before the Redox potential (ORP) is low enough for anaerobic fermentation. Organic
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Anaerobic methods
After reading this article you will..
- be able to explain the main steps in anaerobic treatment.
- understand the advantages and disadvantages of anaerobic treatment.
Content
Environmental control and management
- Environmental control
- Environmental management
- Introduction to environmental management standards
- Introduction to environmental labels and declarations
- Ecodesign
- Introduction to ecolabels
- Life cycle thinking, management and assessment
- Environmental impact assessment (EIA)
- Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) and Integrated Environmental Assessment (IEA)
- Design for the environment and green chemistry
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- EU policy framework
- *EU Environment Action Programme
- *Sustainable development
- *Sustainable use of natural resources
- *Sustainable production and consumption
- *Circular economy
- *Climate action
- *Bioeconomy
- *Forest policy
- *Resource efficiency and raw materials
- *Integrated Product Policy (IPP)
- *Energy policy
- *Industrial policy
- *Best Available Techniques (BAT) and BREF
- *EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS)
- *Green, sustainable and circular public procurement
- EU legal framework
- *SEA and EIA directives
- *EU FLEGT Regulation and EU Timber Regulation
- *Ecodesign Directive and Industrial Emissions Directive (IED)
- *EU Emissions Trading Directive
- *Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)
- *Renewable energy and energy efficiency
- *Air quality and environmental noise
- *Reduction of certain atmospheric pollutants and ozone regulation
- *Water Framework Directive
- *Floods Directive and Groundwater Directive
- *Nitrates from agriculture and the sustainable use of pesticides
- *Construction products regulation and urban waste-water treatment
- *Waste Framework Directive
- *Packaging, packaging waste and landfill
- *Environmental liability and the control of major-accident hazards
- *Habitats Directive and Directive of Public Access to Environmental Information
- Multilateral Environmental Agreements
- *The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and The Paris Agreement
- *The UN Forest Instrument
- *The International Tropical Timber Agreement
- *The UN Convention on Biological Diversity
- *The Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna
- *The UN Convention to Combat Desertification
- *The Aarhus Convention and The Kyiv Protocol
- *The Espoo Convention
- *The Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment
- *The Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents
- *The Bazel Convention – Hazardous wastes and their disposal
- Environmental control and management in Finland
- Circular economy management in Finland
- Environmental policy in Finland
- *Sustainable development in Finland
- *Sustainable consumption and production policy in Finland
- *Circular economy policy in Finland
- *Bioeconomy policy in Finland
- *Climate policy in Finland
- *Biodiversity related policy in Finland
- *Land use policy in Finland
- *Construction policy in Finland
- *Waste policy in Finland
- *The policies related to environmental hazards of chemicals in Finland
- *Plastics policy in Finland
- Environmental law in Finland
- *Environmental Protection Act and Decree
- *Act on Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure
- *Nature Conservation Act and Decree
- *Land Use and Building Act and Decree
- *Forest Act and Decree
- *Climate Change Act
- *Water Act
- *Waste Act and Decree
- *Chemicals Act
- *Act on Compensation of Environmental Damage and Environmental Damage Insurance Act and Decree
Authors & references
Edited by:
Timo Laukkanen and Olli Dahl, Aalto University
Based on: Hynninen, P., Effluent treatment (Chapter 6). In: Dahl, O. (ed.), Environmental management and control, (Book 19), Papermaking Science and Technology. 2nd edition. Jyväskylä, 2008, Finnish Paper Engineer’s Association/Paperi ja Puu Oy. pp. 85-116.
References:
- Springer, A.M., Industrial Environmental Control, Pulp and Paper Industry, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, 1993, pp. 304–446.
- Suhr, M., et al. Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Production of Pulp, Paper and Board. 2015. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. [Online] Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/best-available-techniques-bat-reference-document-production-pulp-paper-and-board-industrial [Accessed on 31st of August 2020]
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This page has been updated 27.08.2022
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