Defining the energy consumption in modern processes

Authors & references

Authors:

Professor Esa Vakkilainen, LUT University

References:

1. Blum, O. et al. (2007). Revision of the BREF on the pulp & paper industry: use of energy saving techniques – Report Nr. 2 – Use of energy saving techniques. Federal Environmental Agency Germany (UBA Germany).
2. Laurijssen, J. et al. (2013) Benchmarking energy use in the paper industry: a benchmarking study on process unit level. Energy Efficiency. 6, 49–63.
3. Farla, J. et al. (1997). Energy efficiency developments in the pulp and paper industry: A cross–country comparison using physical production data. Energy Policy, 25(7) 745–758.
4. Worrell, E. et al. (2007). World Best Practice Energy Intensity Values for Selected Industrial Sectors. Rev. 2, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Publication Number: LBNL-62806, Berkeley, CA.
5. Fracaro, G. et al. (2012). Energy efficiency in the Brazilian pulp and paper industry. Energies. 5(9) 3550–3572.
6. Kohl, T. et al. (2014). Comparison of energy efficiency assessment methods: Case Bio-SNG process. Energy, 74, 88-98.